Based on an interdisciplinary investigation of future visions, scenarios, and case studies of low-carbon innovation taking place across economic domains this Element, Decarbonising Economies, analyses the ways in which questions of agency, power, geography, and materiality shape the conditions of possibility for a low-carbon future. It explores how and why the challenge of changing our economies is variously ascribed to a lack of finance, technology, policy, and public engagement and shows how the realities constraining change are more fundamentally tied to the inertia of our existing high-carbon society and limited visions for what a future low-carbon world might become.By showcasing the first seeds of innovation seeking to enable transformative change, Decarbonising Economies will also chart a course for future research and policy action towards our climate goals.